License GuideSOC 29-1041

Optometrist
License.

Optometrists are licensed in 51 states. Every state sets its own exam, education, and experience rules.

At a Glance

Everything a Optometrist needs to know.

The Work
What you actually do

Licensed optometrists are regulated at the state level. Every state sets its own education, exam, and experience requirements.

The Exam
Two-part proctored test

The national board exam for optometrists is the uniform test most states accept. Many states add a jurisprudence exam on state statute.

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You'll take an exam split into two parts: a national section covering optometry fundamentals, and a state-specific section on local laws and regulations. Most states contract with testing companies like PSI, Pearson VUE, or Prometric to administer the exam. You schedule your test through their platforms and take it at a testing center. The national portion is standardized across states, so your preparation materials are portable. The state section varies, so you'll need to study your specific state's optometry laws and rules before sitting for the exam.

Renewal
Keeping it active

Continuing education is required between renewals in every state. Most boards require a mix of general CE and topic-specific units like ethics, patient safety, or opioid prescribing.

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Optometrist continuing education rules differ by state. Your licensing board will specify how many CE hours you need each renewal cycle. Most states require courses on ethics and state-specific regulations. Check your state board's website for your exact requirements.

Is This For You
Who fits this career

Strong candidates for the optometrist role combine the technical knowledge tested on the exam with judgment and communication skills you build through supervised experience.

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You'll need technical precision, but the real work happens in conversation. Optometrists spend most of their day explaining findings to anxious patients, handling difficult cases with incomplete information, and making judgment calls under time pressure. You must listen carefully, ask clarifying questions, and translate clinical data into language people understand. Impatience doesn't work here. Neither does pure science, you're managing expectations and building trust with every interaction. The exam tests knowledge. Your career tests whether you can apply it while keeping someone calm in the chair.

Unlicensed Risk
Practicing without a license

Practicing as an optometrist without an active license is illegal in every state. Typical penalties include civil fines, forfeited income, and in some states criminal charges on repeat offenses.

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Practicing optometry without an active license violates state law across the U.S. Penalties typically include civil fines and forfeiture of any income earned from unlicensed work. Some states impose criminal sentences for repeat violations. The specific consequences vary by state and depend on factors like the number of prior offenses and the scope of services provided.

Career Outlook
+8% projected

Employment change 2024 to 2034.

The Path

How to Get a Optometrist License.

To get licensed, you'll follow a path that exists across all 51 states. Most states require you to complete accredited education, pass a national or state exam, gain supervised experience under a licensed professional, and pass a background check. After you're licensed, you'll need continuing education credits before each renewal. The exact requirements shift by state: some require specific degree levels, others set minimum hours or years of experience. Check your state's board for precise numbers.

1
Meet minimum education
Most states require graduation from an accredited optometrist program. Degree level and accreditation body vary by profession.
2
Complete supervised clinical hours
Boards set required supervised practice hours under a licensed supervisor. Hours are logged, verified, and submitted with your application.
3
Pass the national board exam
The national certification exam for optometrists is the uniform knowledge test most states accept. Some states add a jurisprudence exam on local statute.
4
Submit fingerprints and background check
Most boards collect electronic fingerprints through IdentoGO, Fieldprint, or a similar vendor and run a state and federal background check.
5
Apply for the license
Submit the state application with transcripts, exam scores, experience verification, and fees. Processing runs a few days to several months depending on state and board.
6
Pay fees and activate
Once approved, you pay the initial license fee, post any required bond or insurance, and the state issues your license number.
7
Track renewals and continuing education
Most licenses renew every one to three years with a set amount of continuing education. Missing CE or renewal deadlines risks license inactivation.
Timeline

How long it takes.

Background check and exam scheduling
2 to 6 weeks
License issuance after passing
Few days to several weeks
State processing times vary widely.
Cost Breakdown

What it costs out of pocket.

Required education
Degree program at an accredited institution. Varies massively by degree level.
$30,000 to $250,000
Application and license fee
Paid to the state board at submission. Varies widely by state.
$50 to $500
Fingerprint and background check
Flat vendor fee set by the state.
$40 to $120
Exam fee
Paid to the testing vendor when you schedule.
$50 to $400
Professional liability insurance
Annual policy. Required or strongly recommended in most states.
$300 to $2,500
DEA registration
Federal fee, three-year term. Required only for prescribers.
$0 to $900
Compensation

What Optometrists Earn.

National annual wage by percentile.

Bottom 10%
$70k
25th percentile
$103k
Median
$135k
75th percentile
$164k
Top 10%
$203k
Resources

Where to train, certify, and connect.

Optional next steps once your Optometrist license is active.

Advanced
Diplomate, American Board of Optometry
American Board of Optometry
Advanced
Advanced Competency in Medical Optometry
National Board of Examiners in Optometry
Specialty
Treatment and Management of Ocular Disease
National Board of Examiners in Optometry
Core
Optometric Assistant Online National Certification
American Allied Health
Specialty
Patient Encounters and Performance Skills
National Board of Examiners in Optometry
Advanced
National Contact Lens Examiners Advanced Certification
American Board of Opticianry and the National Contact Lens Examiners
Specialty
Applied Basic Science
National Board of Examiners in Optometry
Specialty
Patient Assessment & Management Exam
National Board of Examiners in Optometry
State vs State

Compare any two states.

Pre-license hours and fees vary widely. Pick two states to see the gap.

Left
Right
Varies
Pre-license hours
Varies
Varies
Exam fee
Varies
Varies
License fee
Varies
Board of Optometry
Issuing board
Texas Optometry Board
Frequently Asked

Questions people ask.

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