License GuideSOC 29-1141

Registered Nurse
License.

Registered Nurses are licensed in 51 states. Every state sets its own exam, education, and experience rules.

At a Glance

Everything a Registered Nurse needs to know.

The Work
What you actually do

Licensed registered nurses are regulated at the state level. Every state sets its own education, exam, and experience requirements.

The Exam
Two-part proctored test

The national board exam for registered nurses is the uniform test most states accept. Many states add a jurisprudence exam on state statute.

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You'll take an exam with two parts: a national section that's standardized across states, and a state-specific section covering local laws and regulations. Most states contract with testing companies like PSI, Pearson VUE, or Prometric to administer these exams. The national portion tests your clinical knowledge and nursing competencies. The state portion ensures you understand regulations unique to where you'll practice. Both sections determine whether you pass and earn your RN license. Check with your state board for exact passing scores and exam dates at your nearest testing center.

Renewal
Keeping it active

Continuing education is required between renewals in every state. Most boards require a mix of general CE and topic-specific units like ethics, patient safety, or opioid prescribing.

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Registered nurses need continuing education to renew their licenses. Your state's nursing board sets the exact hours required and which topics you must cover, like ethics or state regulations. Requirements differ by state, so check your board's renewal rules.

Is This For You
Who fits this career

Strong candidates for the registered nurse role combine the technical knowledge tested on the exam with judgment and communication skills you build through supervised experience.

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You'll need more than exam knowledge to succeed as a registered nurse. The role demands you stay calm under pressure, make quick decisions with incomplete information, and explain complex medical concepts to patients and families who are scared or confused. You'll spend your shift moving between tasks, adjusting to emergencies, and coordinating with doctors, therapists, and other nurses. The best nurses pick up on what patients aren't saying and notice when something's off, even in a crowded unit. These instincts sharpen over time, not through cramming.

Unlicensed Risk
Practicing without a license

Practicing as a registered nurse without an active license is illegal in every state. Typical penalties include civil fines, forfeited income, and in some states criminal charges on repeat offenses.

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Practicing nursing without an active license violates state law across the U.S. Penalties vary by state but typically include civil fines and loss of any income earned while unlicensed. Repeat offenses may result in criminal charges and jail time in some states. The specific consequences depend on state regulations and the circumstances of the violation.

Career Outlook
+3% projected

Employment change 2024 to 2034.

The Path

How to Get a Registered Nurse License.

To get licensed, you'll follow a path that exists across all 51 states. Most states require you to complete accredited education, pass a national or state exam, gain supervised experience under a licensed professional, and pass a background check. After you're licensed, you'll need continuing education credits before each renewal. The exact requirements shift by state: some require specific degree levels, others set minimum hours or years of experience. Check your state's board for precise numbers.

1
Meet minimum education
Most states require graduation from an accredited registered nurse program. Degree level and accreditation body vary by profession.
2
Complete supervised clinical hours
Boards set required supervised practice hours under a licensed supervisor. Hours are logged, verified, and submitted with your application.
3
Pass the national board exam
The national certification exam for registered nurses is the uniform knowledge test most states accept. Some states add a jurisprudence exam on local statute.
4
Submit fingerprints and background check
Most boards collect electronic fingerprints through IdentoGO, Fieldprint, or a similar vendor and run a state and federal background check.
5
Apply for the license
Submit the state application with transcripts, exam scores, experience verification, and fees. Processing runs a few days to several months depending on state and board.
6
Pay fees and activate
Once approved, you pay the initial license fee, post any required bond or insurance, and the state issues your license number.
7
Track renewals and continuing education
Most licenses renew every one to three years with a set amount of continuing education. Missing CE or renewal deadlines risks license inactivation.
Timeline

How long it takes.

Background check and exam scheduling
2 to 6 weeks
License issuance after passing
Few days to several weeks
State processing times vary widely.
Cost Breakdown

What it costs out of pocket.

Required education
Degree program at an accredited institution. Varies massively by degree level.
$30,000 to $250,000
Application and license fee
Paid to the state board at submission. Varies widely by state.
$50 to $500
Fingerprint and background check
Flat vendor fee set by the state.
$40 to $120
Exam fee
Paid to the testing vendor when you schedule.
$50 to $400
Professional liability insurance
Annual policy. Required or strongly recommended in most states.
$300 to $2,500
DEA registration
Federal fee, three-year term. Required only for prescribers.
$0 to $900
State vs State

Compare any two states.

Pre-license hours and fees vary widely. Pick two states to see the gap.

Left
Right
Varies
Pre-license hours
Varies
Varies
Exam fee
Varies
Varies
License fee
Varies
California Commission on Teacher Credentialing
Issuing board
Texas Board of Nursing
Frequently Asked

Questions people ask.

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