License GuideSOC 29-1249

Surgeon
License.

A surgeon is a physician who performs operative procedures to treat disease, injury, or physical deformity. Day to day, surgeons examine patients, order and interpret diagnostic tests, and plan surgical interventions. During operations, they make incisions, remove or repair affected tissue, and close wounds. Surgeons also manage patient care before and after surgery, monitor recovery, and adjust treatment as needed. They work in hospitals, surgical centers, or private practices, often collaborating with anesthesiologists, nurses, and other medical specialists to ensure safe outcomes.

At a Glance

Everything a Surgeon needs to know.

The Work
What you actually do

Licensed surgeons are regulated at the state level. Every state sets its own education, exam, and experience requirements.

Read more

A surgeon is a physician who performs operative procedures to treat disease, injury, or physical deformity. Day to day, surgeons examine patients, order and interpret diagnostic tests, and plan surgical interventions. During operations, they make incisions, remove or repair affected tissue, and close wounds. Surgeons also manage patient care before and after surgery, monitor recovery, and adjust treatment as needed. They work in hospitals, surgical centers, or private practices, often collaborating with anesthesiologists, nurses, and other medical specialists to ensure safe outcomes.

The Exam
Two-part proctored test

The national board exam for surgeons is the uniform test most states accept. Many states add a jurisprudence exam on state statute.

Read more

You'll face two parts on your surgeon licensing exam. The first covers national standards and applies across all states. The second tests your knowledge of your specific state's laws and regulations. Most states contract with testing vendors like PSI, Pearson VUE, or Prometric to administer the exam. You'll schedule your test through their systems, take it at their testing centers, and receive your scores electronically. The exact pass score and question count vary by state, so check your state medical board's requirements before you register.

Renewal
Keeping it active

Continuing education is required between renewals in every state. Most boards require a mix of general CE and topic-specific units like ethics, patient safety, or opioid prescribing.

Read more

Surgeons must complete continuing education to maintain their license. Your state board sets the specific hour requirement and required topics. Check your board's renewal notice for exact CE hours needed and which courses count toward your renewal cycle.

Is This For You
Who fits this career

Strong candidates for the surgeon role combine the technical knowledge tested on the exam with judgment and communication skills you build through supervised experience.

Read more

You need steady hands and a sharp mind, but surgery demands more than technical skill. You'll make split-second decisions that affect outcomes. You must explain complex procedures to patients and coordinate with teams during operations. The work is intense, long hours, high stakes, constant learning. You'll handle stress by staying focused and methodical. Communication matters as much as precision. You learn judgment through years of hands-on training under experienced surgeons. If you thrive under pressure, think clearly when tired, and genuinely listen to patients, this fits.

Unlicensed Risk
Practicing without a license

Practicing as a surgeon without an active license is illegal in every state. Typical penalties include civil fines, forfeited income, and in some states criminal charges on repeat offenses.

Read more

Practicing surgery without an active license violates state law nationwide. Penalties vary by jurisdiction but commonly include civil fines and forfeiture of any income earned through unlicensed practice. Some states impose criminal sentences for repeat offenses. The specific consequences depend on the state where the violation occurs and whether it's a first or subsequent offense.

Career Outlook
+4% projected

Employment change 2024 to 2034.

The Path

How to Get a Surgeon License.

To get licensed in most states, you'll follow this path. First, complete accredited education in your field. Next, pass a national or state exam. Then gain supervised experience under an established professional, typically for 1-3 years depending on your state. You'll undergo a background check. Once licensed, you'll need continuing education credits before each renewal. Hour requirements, degree types, and experience lengths differ by state, so check your specific state's rules.

1
Meet minimum education
Most states require graduation from an accredited surgeon program. Degree level and accreditation body vary by profession.
2
Complete supervised clinical hours
Boards set required supervised practice hours under a licensed supervisor. Hours are logged, verified, and submitted with your application.
3
Pass the national board exam
The national certification exam for surgeons is the uniform knowledge test most states accept. Some states add a jurisprudence exam on local statute.
4
Submit fingerprints and background check
Most boards collect electronic fingerprints through IdentoGO, Fieldprint, or a similar vendor and run a state and federal background check.
5
Apply for the license
Submit the state application with transcripts, exam scores, experience verification, and fees. Processing runs a few days to several months depending on state and board.
6
Pay fees and activate
Once approved, you pay the initial license fee, post any required bond or insurance, and the state issues your license number.
7
Track renewals and continuing education
Most licenses renew every one to three years with a set amount of continuing education. Missing CE or renewal deadlines risks license inactivation.
Timeline

How long it takes.

Background check and exam scheduling
2 to 6 weeks
License issuance after passing
Few days to several weeks
State processing times vary widely.
Cost Breakdown

What it costs out of pocket.

Required education
Degree program at an accredited institution. Varies massively by degree level.
$30,000 to $250,000
Application and license fee
Paid to the state board at submission. Varies widely by state.
$50 to $500
Fingerprint and background check
Flat vendor fee set by the state.
$40 to $120
Exam fee
Paid to the testing vendor when you schedule.
$50 to $400
Professional liability insurance
Annual policy. Required or strongly recommended in most states.
$300 to $2,500
DEA registration
Federal fee, three-year term. Required only for prescribers.
$0 to $900
Resources

Where to train, certify, and connect.

Optional next steps once your Surgeon license is active.

Advanced
Minimally Invasive Foot And Ankle Surgery
American Board of Multiple Specialties in Podiatry
Specialty
Certification of Added Qualifications for Hand Surgery
American Osteopathic Board of Orthopedic Surgery
Specialty
Certification in Congenital Cardiac Surgery
American Board of Thoracic Surgery
Specialty
Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
American Board of Physician Specialties
Specialty
ABVM Endovascular Medicine Examination
American Board of Vascular Medicine
Specialty
Neurocritical Care Certification
United Council for Neurologic Subspecialties
Specialty
Basic Perioperative Transesophageal Echocardiography
National Board of Echocardiography
Specialty
Advanced Perioperative Transesophageal Echocardiography
National Board of Echocardiography
Core
Certified Professional in Healthcare Quality
National Association for Healthcare Quality
Advanced
General Surgery
American Board of Physician Specialties
Specialty
ABVM Vascular Medicine Examination
American Board of Vascular Medicine
Specialty
Neuro-Oncology Certification
United Council for Neurologic Subspecialties
State vs State

Compare any two states.

Pre-license hours and fees vary widely. Pick two states to see the gap.

Left
Right
Varies
Pre-license hours
Varies
Varies
Exam fee
Varies
Varies
License fee
Varies
Department of Industrial Relations
Issuing board
Texas Medical Board
Frequently Asked

Questions people ask.

Ready to get licensed?

Tell us your state and how you plan to work. We build your license checklist, prepare every filing, and track renewals.

Paperwork prep · State fees handled · Renewal tracking